Pressure Distribution Nozzles Apparatus Manufacturer,Supplier and Exporter in India

Product Code : SCL-CELE-14194

Overview

The Pressure Distribution in Nozzles Apparatus is designed to investigate the pressure and velocity distribution in convergent and convergent–divergent (de Laval) nozzles for compressible air flow.
This unit enables the detailed study of subsonic, sonic, and supersonic flow regimes, as well as the formation of shock waves and the choking phenomenon.

The experimental setup includes three interchangeable brass nozzles—one convergent and two de Laval nozzles with different divergent lengths—allowing a direct comparison of pressure profiles and flow behavior.
A compressed air supply drives the flow through the selected nozzle, and pressure tapping points along the nozzle record the pressure curve in the direction of flow.

Air pressure upstream and downstream of the nozzle can be adjusted using a compressed air regulator and needle valve to vary inlet pressure and backpressure conditions.
The apparatus measures pressures, temperatures, and mass flow rate, allowing for comprehensive analysis of flow behavior and critical conditions.

Key Features

• Investigation of pressure distribution in convergent and convergent-divergent (de Laval) nozzles.
• Three interchangeable nozzles for comparative study:
• 1 × Convergent nozzle
• 1 × Short de Laval nozzle
• 1 × Long de Laval nozzle
• Study of subsonic, sonic, and supersonic flow conditions.
• Demonstrates the choking effect and critical pressure ratio.
• Observation and proof of shock waves in supersonic flow.
• Pressure tapping points along each nozzle for detailed pressure curve recording.
• Compressed air regulator to adjust inlet pressure (up to 8.6 bar).
• Needle valve on the flowmeter for fine control of outlet backpressure.
• Digital temperature display and rotameter for mass flow rate measurement.
• Compact, closed, and safe experimental design with structured instructional materials.

Technical Specifications

Instrumentation & Controls

• Manometers for inlet and outlet pressures.
• Eight pressure tapping points along the nozzle to record the pressure profile.
• Digital temperature displays upstream and downstream of the nozzle.
• Rotameter for volumetric/mass flow rate measurement.
• Compressed air regulator for inlet pressure adjustment.
• Needle valve for controlling downstream pressure.

Experiments & Learning Objectives

1. Measurement of pressure distribution along:
• Convergent nozzle
• de Laval nozzles (short and long extensions)
2. Relationship between inlet pressure and mass flow rate.
3. Relationship between exit pressure and mass flow rate.
4. Effect of pressure drop on temperature distribution.
5. Determination of the critical (Laval) pressure ratio.
6. Demonstration of the choking effect — mass flow rate independence beyond critical pressure ratio.
7. Observation and proof of shock waves in supersonic flow.

Educational Objectives

• Understand the principles of compressible flow through nozzles.
• Distinguish between subsonic, sonic, and supersonic flow conditions.
• Learn how pressure and temperature vary along different nozzle geometries.
• Determine the critical pressure ratio and identify choked flow conditions.
• Visualize shock wave formation and analyze flow behavior before and after the shock.
• Reinforce fundamental thermodynamic and fluid mechanics concepts in gas dynamics.

Required Services

• Compressed Air Supply: 6 – 10 bar, max 250 NL/min
• Electrical Supply: Not required (except for digital displays, if applicable)

Applications

• Training and research in Fluid Mechanics, Gas Dynamics, and Thermodynamics.
• Study of compressible flow, Mach number effects, and shock waves.
• Demonstration of de Laval nozzle operation as used in steam turbines, jet engines, and rockets.
• Ideal for use in engineering laboratories in universities, technical institutes, and R&D centers.